Contents

Executive Summary

Preface

Acknowledgements

Part 1. The Issues
Competition is a development issue: effective competition laws and policy benefit consumers in the developing world and help to reduce poverty.
What are competition and competition policy?
Why has competition policy become a controversial issue?
Challenges in introducíng competition law

Part 2. The Approach
In 2002, IDRC began supporting research on competition policy and feeding the findings into policy debates.

Part 3. The Experience in Developing Countries
Much can be Iearned from the problems faced in developing countries and the steps that have been taken to overcome those problems.
Has enforcerment of competition law benefited developing economies?
How can competition law be tailored to meet the specific needs of an economy?
What are the challenges in legislating and implementing competition law?
How and why are stakeholders involved in the implementation process?
How can competition authorities deal with cross-border anticompetitive conduct?

Part 4. Recommendations, Actions, and Tools

These 11 recommendations suggest practical strategies for introducing and enforcing competition policy and Iaw.
1. Enact legislation that is strong and supported
2. Appoint and encourage strong leadership
3. Recruit expert staff and remunerate them well
4. Ensure that judges receive specialized training in competition law
5. Recognize that not everyone will be your friend
6. Build alliances with the beneficiaries of competition law
7. Activate popular interest in competition questions
8. Build alliances with other government departments
9. Institute both leniency programs and tough fines
10. Develop interagency cooperation and entrench competition provisions in trade agreements
11. Monitor tiberalized markets closely

GIossary of Terms and Abbreviations

BibIiography